Faults: Damaged. Using cranes to hoist material can have serious consequences if the process is not performed properly. B. The poles, legs, or uprights of scaffolds must be plumb, and securely and rigidly braced to prevent swaying and displacement. . prevented every year. Make sure a proper access is provided. Suspension scaffold rigging must at least 6 times the intended load. Two other errors mentioned in this module that often lead to trouble are: Improper maintenance and failure to conduct regular inspections. Scaffolding is used for renovations, construction, maintenance, installations, and much more. Scaffolding is not to be erected, moved, dismantled or altered unless supervised by a . They come in a variety of styles and are made from many different materials. If the scaffold is built even a few degrees off plumb, the resulting instability could cause the weight of the scaffold to shift . There are an estimated $90 million dollars lost because of . Not tied. Scaffolds constructed of tube and coupler components shall also comply with the requirements of paragraph (b) of this section; Scaffolds constructed of fabricated frame components shall also comply with the requirements of paragraph (c) of this section. Review the foundation. By whitelisting SlideShare on your ad-blocker, you are supporting our community of content creators. Rope connections shall be such that the platform cannot shift or slip. a scaffold must be erected plumb, square and level because [, A space of at least 3 inches between handrails, or stair rails used as handrails, and other objects. has financial rewards, with an estimated annual savings of $90 million for American Step 1 Select and prepare the ground area. Move the personnel platform slowly and cautiously and have a rotation-resistant rope with a safety factor of 10 fScaffolding A registered professional engineer must design and certify scaffolds: with wood poles and over 60 feet in height frame scaffolds over 125 feet in height outrigger scaffolds plus scaffold erections when intended loads exceed tube and coupler scaffold standard ratings USA (v. 2008) fTypes of Scaffolds USA (v. 2008) fSupported Scaffolds Erecting Scaffolding Safely. Cross braces must keep the scaffold plumb, level, and square; All brace connections must be secured to prevent dislodging; Frames and panels must be joined together vertically by coupling or stacking pins or equivalent means; Frames and panels must be locked together to prevent uplift (separation of a Bearers must extend a minimum of 3 inches over the outside edge of runners. When two or more scaffolds are used they shall not be bridged one to another unless they are designed to be bridged, the bridge connections are articulated, and the hoists are properly sized. These rules were combined under the umbrella of OSHA. 6. C. Any square or rectangular trench with a width that does not exceed 15 feet . A narrow excavation made below the surface of the ground in which the depth is greater than the width with the width not to exceed 15 feet Non-cross-laminated wood boatswains' chairs shall be reinforced on their underside by cleats securely fastened to prevent the board from splitting. Protect themselves by wearing the proper PPE Do not force frames or . Found a mistake? Which of the following is an element of a hearing conservation program? Each supporting rope shall be hitched around one end of the bearer and pass under the platform to the other end of the bearer where it is hitched again, leaving sufficient rope at each end for the supporting ties. improper grounding of circuitry and equipment. You've requested a page on a website (cloudflarepreview.com) that is on the Cloudflare network. All ladders used in conjunction with step, platform and trestle ladder scaffolds shall meet the pertinent requirements of subpart X of this part -- Stairways and Ladders, except that job-made ladders shall not be used to support such scaffolds. Appropriate fall protection may be required by the competent person for such activities or where the scaffolding is considered incomplete (i.e. Add several tablespoons of table salt to one cup and stir. For example, if lumber is used, it must be construction grade or Number 1 Grade spruce. Safe access above 2 feet. An employee may wear stilts on a scaffold only if it is a large area scaffold. A scaffold must be erected "plumb, square, and level," because: Answer: If a scaffold is built even a few degrees off plumb, the resulting instability could cause the weight of the scaffold to shift, potentially causing the overloading of one leg and the eventual collapse of the scaffold No Free-standing scaffolds be higher than 4 times the minimum base dimension. Scaffold planks should extend over their end supports not less than 6 inches nor more than 18 inches. and that cross braces are of such length as will automatically keep the scaffold plumb, level, and square. This means that whatever you're working on won't be tilted or sloped in any way. Outrigger beams fabricated in the shape of an I-beam or channel shall be placed so that the web section is vertical. Landings for the stair access are assembled within the 1.27m square bays at each end of the stair stringer bays using cuplock 1.27m . which of the following statements is false? Employees are plastering an lathing 18 inches or less from the front of the edge, What type of scaffolds you should not use, What is another don't that you should remember, Not to load scaffolds or scaffold components in excess of their maximum intended loads or rated capacities, which ever is less, OSHA 1926.454 (c) states: when an employer gas reason to believe that an employee lacks the skill or understanding needed for safe work involving the erection, use or dismantling of scaffolds, the employer shall, Retrain each such employee so that the requisite proficiency is regained, Tube and coupler scaffolds over 125 feet high must be designed by, What type of scaffold other than the tube and coupler scaffold- is ideal for use around complex structures, This scaffold is simply a rope attached to a harness with an assembly like a boatswain's chair for the worker to sit in, If a worker on a scaffold can fall more than 10 feet, they must be protected by guardrails and or personal fall arrest systems(PFAS).The type of fall protection required will depend upon, Final Exam OSHA 10 hour construction program, Introduction to Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics, Hendrick Van Ness, J.M. 1926.451(a)(1) and (3) TrainingEmployers must train each employee who works on a scaffold on the hazards and the procedures to control the hazards. Audiometric testing monitors an employees hearing: Acute silicosis occurs after a few months or as long as 2 years following exposures to ________ concentrations of respirable crystalline silica. Extreme weather or damage to structural components can also affect a scaffold's stability. disadvantages. Employers must: Ensure that the safety monitor is a competent person knowledgeable about fall protection. Always use . Passage may be made from one platform to another only when the platforms are at the same height, are abutting, and walk-through stirrups specifically designed for this purpose are used. Each wire rope used for securing brackets in place or as an anchorage for personal fall arrest systems shall be protected from damage due to contact with edges, corners, protrusions, or other discontinuities of the supporting structure or scaffold components. Click here to review the details. The scaffold must be erected on adequate soleplates and the foundation on which the soleplates are placed must have the sufficient bearing capacity to support the imposed loads transferred from the scaffold. SCAFFOLDS MUST BE ERECTED IN ACCORDANCE WITH DESIGN AND/OR MANUFACTURERS' RECOMMENDATIONS. The maximum permissible span for 2 X 10 inch or wider planks is shown below in "Material." . C. To send every worker home whole and healthy every day The knowledgeable user knows how to select the right scaffold for the Because of this, the following is required: A certified crane operator must be used. Posts must be accurately spaced, erected on suitable bases, and maintained plumb. . The cross braces shall be of such length as will automatically square and align vertical members so that the erected scaffold is always plumb, level, and square. Crawling boards shall be secured to the roof by ridge hooks or by means that meet equivalent criteria (e.g., strength and durability). The body becomes part of the circuit Some simple scaffolds are little more than planks and guardrails over two Personal Fall Arrest System. The two steps for avoiding hazards that are always taken before the need for PPE is considered are: A. Any part of a building or structure used to support the scaffold shall be capable of supporting the maximum intended load to be applied. OSHA MODULE 5 Scaffolds The ladder must extend 1 m (3 ft.) above the landing. A scaffold is a temporary, elevated platform that construction workers use for working safely at elevations. Float Scaffold. That requirement reflects the additional hazards and structural stress involved with such heights. When nails are not used, brackets shall be secured in place with first-grade manila rope of at least three-fourth inch (1.9 cm) diameter, or equivalent. (8) All ladders used for access shall conform to ladders, Article 25. What the percentage of the construction industry that work on scaffold 2.3 million or 65 percent Most scaffolds at jobsites are made of what type of material Aluminum, Steel or less commonly wood Scaffolds, once properly erected, are a control measure to prevent the risk of persons and objects falling when working at height. aluminum, or less commonly, wood. The ground is level and stable. Safety footwear has to meet minimum compression and impact performance standards, set by: Gloves that are chemically resistant are usually made from: True or False: Full-body protection is sometimes made from materials such as duck, paper-like fiber, or rubberized fabrics, depending upon the hazard. 3. U-bolt wire rope clips shall not be used on any wire rope used to secure brackets or to serve as an anchor for personal fall arrest systems. Bearers shall be installed transversely between posts, and when coupled to the posts, shall have the inboard coupler bear directly on the runner coupler. Let us know about it through the REPORT button at the bottom of the page. This poses a risk of electrocution not just to the worker holding the tool, but to everyone who contacts the scaffold. Then a few days before the scaff o l d materials are delivered, make a final jobsite check for the following items. Mechanical demolition refers to demolition using equipment like: A. Wrecking balls or jackhammers 5. fold must be erected "plumb, square, and level," starting with the first bay because every degree that the scaffold is off level at the lower level is magnified as it is raised in height. Scaffold platforms shall not be placed any higher than the second highest rung or step of the ladder supporting the platform. Ladders are used to provide access to different levels of the scaffold, although sometimes steps will be used to improve safety. List at least three of the four main hazards to which persons working on a To prevent their displacement, platform units shall be nailed, bolted, or otherwise secured to outriggers. No more than one platform shall be placed between consecutive vertical pickups, and no more than two platforms shall be used on a catenary scaffold. What the definition of a Suspension scaffolds, one or more platforms suspended by ropes or other non rigid means from an overhead structure. As an example, even in this day of steel and iron, scaffolds made from Each bracket, except those for wooden bracket-form scaffolds, shall be attached to the supporting formwork or structure by means of one or more of the following: nails; a metal stud attachment device; welding; hooking over a secured structural supporting member, with the form wales either bolted to the form or secured by snap ties or tie bolts extending through the form and securely anchored; or, for carpenters' bracket scaffolds only, by a bolt extending through to the opposite side of the structure's wall. Employers must provide employees with effective information and training on hazardous chemicals in their work area: At the time of their initial assignment. When horses are arranged in tiers, each horse shall be placed directly over the horse in the tier below. Other common components are scaffold boards and edge protection. Employees are prohibited from working above other employees on the face of a sloped or benched excavation unless: Workers on lower level have overhead protection from falling objects. Never sit on, lean against, or step on a skylight lens or any covering placed over a hole in a roof or floor. Scaffold 0c8be2a1 9996-490a-99c0-6ef40baed98a. If bearing on rungs only, the bearing area shall include a length of at least 10 inches (25.4 cm) on each rung. Is this an exothermic or endothermic process? fabricated frame scaffold, the mobile scaffold, the tube and coupler scaffold, the system scaffold are exposed, and describe at least one method of hazard prevention for a. Scaffolds not specifically addressed by 1926.452, such as but not limited to systems scaffolds, must meet the requirements of 1926.451. The upper tiers shall stand on a continuous row of planks laid across the next lower tier, and shall be nailed down or otherwise secured to prevent displacement. When two by fours are spliced to make a pole, mending plates shall be installed at all splices to develop the full strength of the member. Operators must complete three separate aspects of powered industrial truck training: formal training, practice training, and: To adhere to fire safety precautions, flammable and combustible materials must be stored according to: General safety principles that can help reduce workplace accidents include: Material handling tasks should be designed to minimize _________ of the given activity. Personal Fall Arrest System. At holes, guardrail systems must be set up: The top edge of a guardrail must be from 39 to 45 inches above the walking/working level, and there must also be a means of protection from: Falling objects between top rail and walking surface. of first grade manila rope. When guardrails are used for fall protection, a workbench may be used as the toprail only if it meets all the requirements in paragraphs (g)(4)(ii), (vii), (viii), and (xiii) of 1926.451. Platforms shall not be more than 36 inches (0.9 m) wide unless designed by a qualified person to prevent unstable conditions. Nothing should lean in any direction. Where conditions preclude the attachment of bracing to posts, bracing shall be attached to the runners as close to the post as possible. Acceptable fall protection systems allowed include guardrails, safety nets, safety harnesses , positioning device systems and fall restraint systems. There might be one pair of protective eyewear for your task or station, rather than individual eyewear for each employee. Electricity travels in closed circuits, and its normal route is through a conductor. 5. A. Scaffold base must be set on base plates and an adequate sill or pad to prevent slipping or sinking and fixed therto wher required. C. Both A and B 9. Be used only to support personnel, unless the scaffold has been designed for other loads by a qualified engineer and built to withstand the tipping forces caused by those other loads being placed on the bracket-supported section of the scaffold. It is used in construction work where the work cannot be done from the ground level. CapacityScaffolds and scaffold components must support at least 4 times the maximum intended load. ERECTED SCAFFOLDS SHOULD BE CONTINUALLY INSPECTED by users to be sure that they are maintained in safe condition. Ray ID: 7a19bde4e8771d14 Only employees need to demonstrate and practice safe manual lifting techniques. By the user only b. Plumb c. By a contractor d. Plumb and level e. Level c Safe rigging practice dictates that weight estimates of objects to be lifted, when the objects are relatively lightweight, should be accurate within plus or minus _____. Warped. Runners shall be erected along the length of . Guardrails should be between 38" and 45" high. work on scaffolds frequently. Which of these is required if the workers body, hands or clothing may come into contact with moving parts? 7. If the use of a power tool can result in flying sparks, metal shavings, wood chips, splashes, or other debris, workers should: A. d. Phases are often shown for each compound but are not critical to balancing an equation. All jacks lever and ratchet jacks, screw jacks, and hydraulic jacks must have a device that stops them from: A narrow excavation made below the surface of the ground in which the depth is greater than the width with the width not to exceed 15 feet. All brace connections shall be secured. Stilts shall be properly maintained. Knowing Scaffolds are a type of temporary work platform that is used to support workers, tools and materials. Hardware should be included to fasten the planks into place. what to do and when to do it can save lives. (b) Tube and Coupler Scaffolds. PLUMB/LEVEL/SQUARE. Using scaffolds properly can help prevent workplace accidents and injuries. Scaffolds and components must be able to support at least four times the intended load. Scaffolding, also called scaffold or staging, is a temporary structure used to support a work crew and materials to aid in the construction, maintenance and repair of buildings, bridges and all other man-made structures.Scaffolds are widely used on site to get access to heights and areas that would be otherwise hard to get to. Light metal-type platforms having a rated capacity of 750 pounds or less and platforms 40 feet (12.2 m) or less in length shall be tested and listed by a nationally recognized testing laboratory. Do not sell or share my personal information. Screw jacks must be used to level scaffolding on uneven surfaces with a maximum extension for a screw jack of 12 inches. Note: Except where . 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