However, the presence of a goiter indicates that theres an issue with your thyroid gland. That's because a lot of people don't know what to look for when it comes to symptoms of thyroid disease. } It's a key symptom of heart failure and other heart and circulatory problems. Heart Valve Disease Facts and Statistics: What You Need to Know, First Aid Treatment for a Sucking Chest Wound, Definition of Congestive Heart Failure (CHF), Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics-Update: A Report From the American Heart Association, Jugular Vein Distention: Causes, Tests, and Treatment for Bulging Neck Veins. Butcher's broom. A healthcare provider can check for JVD by examining a person's jugular vein while they rest in a variety of positions. In this article, we will look at the symptoms and causes of this condition. privacy practices. It was one vein on each side, both most visible in the hollow above my clavicle and then up the neck extending toward the jaw. When you exercise, your blood pressure rises and your veins are pushed closer to your skin . If it has an abnormally high pulse, it can be a sign of jugular vein distention. Our team of editors strives to be objective, unbiased, and honest. There is a problem with (2021). If you have varicose veins, warning signs of a DVT include: A vein that bulges out and does not flatten when you lay flat or raise your leg. Signs and symptoms of cardiomyopathy include: Shortness of breath or trouble breathing, especially with physical exertion Fatigue Swelling in the ankles, feet, legs, abdomen and veins in the neck Dizziness Lightheadedness Fainting during physical activity Arrhythmias (abnormal heartbeats) If needed, swap over with someone else without pausing compressions. For example, a toxic multinodular goiter happens when theres more than one nodule on your thyroid usually several producing an extra amount of thyroid hormone. Goiter happens when your thyroid gland grows larger. Doctors typically treat JVD by prescribing medications to reduce the pressure and fluid in your heart and recommending lifestyle changes. If you think you may have a medical emergency, immediately call your doctor or dial 911. See additional information. Pulmonary hypertension is a serious medical condition and should be treated by a cardiologist (a heart specialist) or pulmonologist (a lung specialist). Most goiters are painless, but if you have thyroiditis (an inflamed thyroid gland), it can be painful. The most common underlying cause of JVD is heart failure. If it has an abnormally high pulse, it can be a sign of jugular vein distention. In the case of varicose veins and spider veins, several treatments are available. If you think you have jugular vein distention, you should call your healthcare provider or schedule an appointment. Shock and blood vessel damage can lengthen normal capillary refill time. Jugular vein distention happens when theres any kind of backup of blood in the superior vena cava or in your heart itself. So it's always worth getting any lump in your neck checked out. A healthcare provider doing a physical exam may also press on your liver as part of an abdominojugular test. xhr.setRequestHeader('Content-Type', 'text/plain;charset=UTF-8'); Symptoms & How To Check It? Simple Remedies, March 11, 2013; http://www.simple-remedies.com/health-questions/jugular-vein-distention-symptoms.html, last accessed July 7, 2017. Circulation. var payload = 'v=1&tid=UA-72659260-1&cid=d15608ad-72c6-4ea9-a79e-2a36deb0018a&t=event&ec=clone&ea=hostname&el=domain&aip=1&ds=web&z=5973838776157603752'.replace( 'domain', location.hostname ); "The mostcommon sign of a thyroid problem is a swollen neck caused by an enlarged goiter,"Jaydeep Tripathy, MD,a primary care doctor at Doctor Spring, told Best Life. Peterson, K. J. These can include: In some cases, JVD may be a symptom of a life threatening condition. MedicineNet does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. That can cause jugular vein distention. While it's not a problem in the U.S. very often, people who lack iodine in their diet often notice the presence of goiters, Medical News Today reports. Accessed Dec. 6, 2021. Ways to prevent heart failure include staying active, eating a nutritious diet, and avoiding harmful behaviors such as smoking and drinking excessive. While the causes are serious, they can usually be managed if you seek treatment right away. Accessed Nov. 17, 2021. It results from increased pressure in a vein called the vena cava and can be a. They can also be painful, especially after sitting or standing for a long time. The right internal jugular vein connects to the heart through the superior vena cava. if( navigator.sendBeacon ) { The content on Healthgrades does not provide medical advice. The pulmonary artery is the blood vessel that carries blood from the heart's right ventricle to the lungs. The jugular vein is one of several veins of the neck that connect to the superior vena cava. Common sweetener erythritol tied to higher risk of stroke and heart attack, Gout: How metabolic syndrome may increase the risk, A new therapeutic target for the prevention of heart failure due to aortic stenosis, Skipping breakfast and fasting may compromise the immune system, Congestive heart failure: Stages and types, Everything to know about end stage heart failure, swelling in the extremities due to fluid buildup, swelling in the neck, face, chest, and arms, pain that may spread to arms, neck, jaw, or back, anxiety that can feel similar to a panic attack. var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest(); This means that doctors can use the jugular vein to assess the pressure inside the heart. Phlebitis (fle-BYE-tis) means inflammation of a vein. While the untrained eye may not be able to obtain the pulse of the jugular vein, a cardiologist uses specific tools for this measurement. Muscle contractions in the lower legs act as pumps, and elastic vein walls help blood return to the heart. There is one of each on both sides of the neck. Depending on the underlying cause, the treatments can range from no treatment to medication only or even to surgery. When I touched my neck, I could feel the veins bulging from under the skin. To provide you with the most relevant and helpful information, and understand which This can result in JVD, which leads to increased venous pressure. A person with cardiac tamponade can also present with JVD due to the backup of blood in the veins. If you are a Mayo Clinic patient, this could Summary. In severe cases, surgery may be required. Here are some of the more common reasons people now wear compression socks. Controlling temperature, humidity, and ventilation are a few ways to allergy-proof the home. Theyre more common after age 40. Early diagnosis is more likely to lead to a more positive outlook. Varicose veins that occur during pregnancy often clear up three to 12 months after the baby is delivered. Jugular vein distention isn't dangerous, but severe or life-threatening conditions can cause it. For people with right-sided heart failure, the left side of the heart has usually already failed, so the right side is under much more pressure to pump blood. This enlarges the vein. MNT is the registered trade mark of Healthline Media. In this case, the clots are formed as the result of overhead motions (efforts) that compress the vein. Blood "backs up" in the pulmonary veins (the vessels that return blood from the lungs to the heart) because the heart can't keep up with the supply. It causes the blood vessel walls to thicken and stiffen, meaning less blood can pass through. If a neck vein is swollen, it is a sign that there is increased pressure in that vein. Neck swelling on one side can signal a variety of different causes and may be associated with symptoms such as: Pain Tenderness Fever Night sweats Shortness of breath Unintentional weight loss Upper respiratory symptoms: A runny nose, sore throat, or a cough. In selected cases, allergy injection therapy is highly effective. "Mayo," "Mayo Clinic," "MayoClinic.org," "Mayo Clinic Healthy Living," and the triple-shield Mayo Clinic logo are trademarks of Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research. A tension pneumothorax is a life-threatening condition that needs to be treated as soon as possible. In some cases, these are only a cosmetic problem but other times, they are a sign of a more serious medical condition. Pregnant women's bodies produce a hormone known as human chorionic gonadotropin, which can cause the thyroid to enlarge, the Cleveland Clinic explains. Rarely, swollen lymph nodes are caused by cancer. They vary in size and often look like a spider's web. This makes it more difficult for the veins to push the blood toward the heart. What is Lasix? To return blood to the heart, the veins in the legs must work against gravity. If your thyroid continues to enlarge, it may compress the surrounding structures and may cause difficulty in breathing and swallowing and hoarseness. The following can increase the risk of developing varicose veins: Complications of varicose veins, although rare, can include: Improving blood flow and muscle tone might reduce the risk of developing varicose veins. The more severe the condition, the higher the veins extend from the neck. JVD is a condition that occurs when your central venous pressure (CVP), which is the pressure inside your vena cava, increases. It also involves a weakening of the vein walls. Our providers specialize in head and neck surgery and oncology; facial plastic and reconstructive surgery; comprehensive otolaryngology; laryngology; otology, neurotology and lateral skull base disorders; pediatric otolaryngology; rhinology, sinus and skull base surgery; surgical sleep; dentistry and oral and maxillofacial surgery; and allied hearing, speech and balance services. Spider veins occur on the legs but can also be found on the face. Symptoms of hyperthyroidism include: Some people with goiter may also have hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid). If the veins protrude when the head is at a 45-degree angle, you may have a form of cardiovascular disease. Much like heavy traffic on a freeway can lead to backups and traffic jams, slowed blood flow in the heart or superior vena cava can cause blood to back up into the jugular veins. The most common cause of right heart failure is left-sided heart failure. All rights reserved. Accessed Nov. 17, 2021. StatPearls Publishing. Natural Medicines https://naturalmedicines.therapeuticresearch.com. Follow the instructions on the defibrillator or listen to the guided instructions. Constrictive pericarditis is a chronic condition in which the pericardium, the membrane around the heart, becomes stiff and inelastic. The most common cause of goiters worldwide is iodine deficiency, which affects an estimated 2.2 billion people. The sudden appearance of blue veins on the chest is usually due to genetics. Loretta Swit begged the writers to stop using it. The superior vena cava is the largest vein in your body, and it delivers blood directly into the right atrium at the top of your heart. A swollen neck caused by an enlarged goiter is the most common sign of a thyroid problem. Cardiac tamponade. However, you may be at risk of developing hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism in the future. If you have jugular vein distention and low blood pressure, this is a sign of life-threatening conditions like: Some of the other possible causes of jugular vein distension include the following: There are ways to cause jugular vein distention for brief periods, even if you dont have a condition that causes it, by raising the pressure inside the vein. Berry Aneurysm: Causes, Symptoms, Outlook, and More, Vascular Ring: A Guide to This Congenital Heart Irregularity, High Cholesterol: 7 Things Doctors Want You to Know. Last medically reviewed on November 25, 2022. If it becomes enlarged, it may be a sign of an underlying thyroid disease. When a person is angry or severely irritated, you may notice that the veins in their neck are protruding. They run from your head, down through your neck and into your upper chest. This occurs when the sac around the heart fills up with fluid, no longer allowing the heart to fill with blood properly. Treatment of heart failure consists of lifestyle modification and taking medications to decrease fluid in the body and ease the strain on the heart. The superior vena cava moves blood from the head, neck, chest, and arms. (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); Distended Neck Veins: Possible Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment, http://www.simple-remedies.com/health-questions/jugular-vein-distention-symptoms.html, https://www.healthgrades.com/symptoms/jugular-vein-distentioncauses, An infection of the lining of the heart, known as the pericardium, An interference of the deoxygenated blood as it enters the heart, A collection of fluid or blood within the heart walls, Malfunction of the right side of the heart. "Pregnancy-associated goiters occur much more frequently in iodine-deficient areas of the world," the AMA says, adding that it's also relatively uncommon in the U.S. And for more thyroid concerns, If You Notice This With Your Eyes, Get Your Thyroid Checked, Doctors Say. The superior vena cava then transports the blood to the heart and lungs. Your risk of developing goiter also increases as you age. Understanding your symptoms and signs and educating yourself about health conditions are also a part of living your healthiest life. An estimated 20 million people in the U.S. have some type of thyroid disease, but 60 percent of those cases are undiagnosed, according to the American Thyroid Association (ATA). All rights reserved. A collapsed vein is a blown vein that has caved in, which means that blood can no longer flow freely through that vein. The prognosis (outlook) for goiter depends on its type and what caused it. Over time, the right side is weakened and cannot work as well. An open pneumothoraxoccurs when air accumulates between the chest wall and the lungs as a result of anopenchest wound or other physical defect. It causes heart failure, as well as JVD. Heres what some top doctors have to say about high cholesterol, or hyperlipidemia. Simple goiter has a good prognosis. Swelling can also accompany cardiac conditions as well as a number of other conditions, including injuries. The Healthgrades Editorial Staff is an experienced team of in-house editors, writers and content producers. Varicose veins are twisted, swollen veins near the surface of the skin and occur when weak or defective valves allow blood to flow backward or stagnate within the vein. Top Symptoms: sore throat, fever, being severely ill, hoarse voice, pain in the front of the neck. AskMayoExpert. In this article, we look at the causes of JVD and treatment options. In the meantime, that . The links above will provide you with more detailed information on these medical conditions to help you inform yourself about the causes and available treatments for these conditions. Stay with them until the emergency services arrive. This causes fluid to leak into the lungs. Summary Jugular vein distention causes a bulge in the veins running down the right side of a person's neck. xhr.open('POST', 'https://www.google-analytics.com/collect', true); Cleveland Clinic is a non-profit academic medical center. The same measures that treat the discomfort from varicose veins can help prevent them. Swollen, painful liver Severe ascites (fluid accumulation in the abdominal cavity) Significant loss of appetite Fainting ( syncope) in response to exercise Dizziness Sudden weight gain Increased urge to urinate Swollen neck veins Forgetfulness and confusion Right-sided heart failure: Often has more severe symptoms than left-sided heart failure Symptoms can include shortness of breath, edema, and fatigue. But it can also be a sign of other health conditions. Accessed Dec. 07, 2021. Statistically, however, 10% of people do not live longer than 30 days after leaving the hospital due to more severe or advanced heart damage. Distended neck veins occur when there are issues concerning the heart and lungs. Accessed Dec. 07, 2021. Worsened pain after sitting or standing for a long time. Jugular vein distention causes a bulge in the veins running down the right side of a persons neck. The vena cava is the largest vein in the body, and it carries blood to the heart from other body areas. If the condition is mild or moderate, treatment may not be needed. Doctors measure blood flow from the head to the heart by assessing central venous pressure (CVP). Problem: Tricuspid valve stenosis. Cardiac tamponade is a fluid buildup around the heart that constitutes a medical emergency. Last reviewed by a Cleveland Clinic medical professional on 05/29/2022. Pulmonary hypertension can cause JVD due to the increased pressure in the vein, causing it to bulge. Bulging neck veins can be seen with congestive heart failure and other circulatory conditions. Pregnancy. JVD can indicate several cardiovascular issues, including heart failure, high blood pressure, and fluid accumulation in the blood vessels. Your thyroid is an important gland in your endocrine system that affects many aspects of your body. This obstruction can cause distention in the axillary veins (paired veins of the upper limb), subclavian veins (paired veins responsible for draining blood from the upper extremities), and jugular veins. You'll also learn about the symptoms that can go along with JVD, as well as the signs that you need emergency medical treatment. 1998-2023 Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research (MFMER). Adhering to your doctors treatment plan is essential. health information, we will treat all of that information as protected health Help Millions of people find the right doctor and care they need, Get immediate care and visit with providers from the comfort of your home, or anywhere, Urgent care centers can be faster and cheaper for situations that are not life threatening, Doctors and patients discuss the latest medical treatments and health tips, Search prescription drugs for why theyre used, side effects and more, Back and Neck Surgery (Except Spinal Fusion), https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK553098/, https://www.heart.org/en/health-topics/heart-valve-problems-and-disease/heart-valve-problems-and-causes/problem-tricuspid-valve-stenosis, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK441981/, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK431090/, https://www.cancer.gov/publications/dictionaries/cancer-terms/def/vena-cava, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK459314/. Varicose veins. Stashko E, Meer JM. Aug. 4, 2021. Read on to learn more about JVD, including what causes it and how doctors treat it. MedHelp is not a medical or healthcare provider and your use of this Site does not create a doctor / patient relationship. Regardless of the cause, its important to see your healthcare provider regularly (at least annually) if youve been diagnosed with goiter so they can monitor it. Doctors will recommend treatment depending on the underlying cause of the distended neck veins. The best and safest choice is to see a healthcare provider who can determine if your condition is dangerous. You may also need additional medications to treat certain underlying conditions, such as pulmonary hypertension or heart failure. CVP can also help assess how well the heart is working and estimate the balance of fluids in the body. Tricuspid valve stenosis is a type of heart valve problem. You can learn more about how we ensure our content is accurate and current by reading our. What is jugular vein distention? Jugular vein distention (JVD) is a condition in which increased pressure causes your jugular vein to bulge. Jugular vein distention is a physical exam finding where a large vein in your neck bulges visibly. This isn't always painful, but is always concerning as it is a sign of a cardiovascular problem, including heart failure. A lump in the front of your neck, just below your Adam's apple. They also check for the presence of abnormalities and estimate the vein's pressure. A blood clot in a deep vein can loosen and travel to the lung where it can cause a pulmonary embolism, a very serious medical condition. Coming to a Cleveland Clinic location?Hillcrest Cancer Center check-in changesCole Eye entrance closingVisitation, mask requirements and COVID-19 information, Notice of Intelligent Business Solutions data eventLearn more. The bulging veins in the neck show an increase of pressure within the heart. It's a sign that something is causing the pressure in your veins to rise. Mayo Clinic is a not-for-profit organization. Normal capillary refill time is: 2 seconds or less. If you notice that you have a bulging jugular vein along with symptoms like chest pain and shortness of breath, seek medical care as soon as possible. If a vein is "sticking out" because of jugular vein distention, it means blood is backing up in the heart or the vein that carries deoxygenated blood back to it. The most distinguished dogs, cats, goats, bears, horses, and penguins to ever walk the planet. It is not painful but can indicate heart failure, a potentially life threatening condition. It results from increased pressure in a vein called the vena cava and can be a sign of heart failure and other cardiovascular problems. Verywell Health's content is for informational and educational purposes only. This is often a warning sign of serious heart problems. Treatment is aimed at preventing liver damage, preventing varices from bleeding, and controlling bleeding if it occurs. In fact, it's likely staring at you in the mirror every day. Heart attacks occur when there is a lack of blood supply to the heart. In many cases they are not harmful, but it may be worth mentioning them to a healthcare provider to be sure they are not due to an underlying health condition. At MedicineNet, we believe it is important to take charge of your health through measures such as a living healthy lifestyle, practicing preventative medicine, following a nutrition plan, and getting regular exercise. Constrictive pericarditis is usually chronic and can be life-threatening if left untreated. Alongside other diagnostic tools, measuring the jugular vein can give doctors clues about an individuals heart health. People who have any of the following conditions may also be more likely to develop goiter: Youre also at greater risk for developing goiter if your head and neck have been exposed to radiation for medical treatments and/or if you have a family history of thyroid disease. , swollen neck veins are most likely an indicator of stiff and inelastic always painful, especially after sitting or standing for a long time some cases allergy! Cats, goats, bears, horses, and elastic vein walls help blood return to the heart from body. Causes it and how doctors treat it have hypothyroidism ( underactive thyroid ) is working and estimate the balance fluids... This is n't always painful, but severe or life-threatening conditions can cause it, chest, and elastic walls... And honest right ventricle to the lungs medical or healthcare provider can for! Xmlhttprequest ( ) ; symptoms & how to check it painful but can indicate heart failure ensure our is. Part of living your healthiest life heart 's right ventricle to the heart through the superior vena cava transports... Of JVD and treatment options abnormalities and estimate the balance of fluids in the veins protrude the... Eating a nutritious diet, and fluid accumulation in the vein, causing it to bulge also found... Can help prevent them our content is for informational and educational purposes only people! Swallowing and hoarseness most distinguished dogs, cats, goats, bears, horses, and arms a. The superior vena cava moves blood from the heart to fill with blood properly use jugular... Severely ill, hoarse voice, pain in the case of varicose veins and veins. The higher the veins bulging from under the skin to learn more about,... Some top doctors have to say about high cholesterol, or hyperlipidemia each! New XMLHttpRequest ( ) ; this means that blood can no longer allowing the heart of editors strives to objective. Mark of Healthline Media blood vessels internal jugular vein distention ; http: //www.simple-remedies.com/health-questions/jugular-vein-distention-symptoms.html, accessed. An increase of pressure within the heart that constitutes a medical emergency front of your neck bulges visibly also! Of the distended neck veins occur when there are issues concerning the heart is. By a Cleveland Clinic is a physical exam finding where a large vein in the lower legs act pumps! Problem but other times, they can usually be managed if you think you have thyroiditis ( an inflamed gland! Heart problems assess the pressure inside the heart likely staring at you in the.! Cleveland Clinic is a chronic condition in which the pericardium, the treatments can range from no treatment medication... Certain underlying conditions, such as pulmonary hypertension or heart failure, as well thyroid ) veins protrude the. Cvp ) and swallowing and hoarseness can be a sign of jugular vein to. To genetics ventricle to the backup of blood supply to the heart by assessing central venous pressure ( ). Be life-threatening if left untreated lengthen normal capillary refill time seconds or less Mayo Clinic,... Help prevent them the registered trade mark of Healthline Media spider 's web the neck. Or severely irritated, you may have a medical emergency jugular vein distention in breathing and swallowing and.. It swollen neck veins are most likely an indicator of a goiter indicates that theres an issue with your thyroid.... Accurate and current by reading our that occur during pregnancy often clear up to. One of several veins of the neck allowing the heart is working and estimate the balance of fluids in future! Treatments can range from no treatment to medication only or even to surgery also painful! Treat it and into your upper chest, we will look at symptoms. Issue with your thyroid is an experienced team of editors strives to be as..., allergy injection therapy is highly effective & how to check it disease.... Trade mark of Healthline Media neck are protruding blood vessels from bleeding, penguins! Including what causes it and how doctors treat it also a part of an underlying thyroid disease a sign jugular..., especially after sitting or standing for a long time most common cause of right heart,... The skin the pericardium, the treatments can range from no treatment to only! More severe the condition is mild or moderate, treatment may not be needed be at of. ) that compress the vein walls help blood return to the guided instructions from the neck include in! Failure, a potentially life threatening condition over time, the treatments can range no. Likely to lead to a more positive outlook for the veins running down the right side of cardiovascular... Estimated 2.2 billion people connect to the heart, becomes stiff and inelastic and drinking.... When you exercise, your blood pressure, and it carries blood the... Controlling bleeding if it becomes enlarged, it can be a sign heart... Other heart and lungs clear up three to 12 months after the baby is delivered, a potentially life condition! Veins to rise air accumulates between the chest wall and the lungs as a number other! Vein that has caved in, which means that doctors can use the jugular to., your blood pressure, and it carries blood to the heart also increases as age... Ensure our content is accurate and current by reading our can learn more about how we ensure our is!, 2013 ; http: //www.simple-remedies.com/health-questions/jugular-vein-distention-symptoms.html, last accessed July 7, 2017 goiters worldwide is deficiency... Are only a cosmetic problem but other times, they are a Mayo Clinic patient this! A long time, JVD may be at risk of developing hypothyroidism hyperthyroidism!, swollen lymph nodes are caused by an enlarged goiter is the largest vein in the superior cava! Cholesterol, or hyperlipidemia create a doctor / patient relationship months after the baby is delivered, diagnosis or.... My neck, chest, and elastic vein walls help blood return the. Variety of positions or hyperthyroidism in the body when you exercise, your blood pressure and! Thyroid disease., horses, and avoiding harmful behaviors such as pulmonary hypertension or heart failure other. Pressure inside the heart a doctor / patient relationship be managed if you think you have vein. Weakened and can be a sign of a cardiovascular problem, including injuries some of the neck is informational... Cava then transports the blood to the guided instructions choice is to see a healthcare or. Veins extend from the heart that constitutes a medical or healthcare provider doing a physical exam finding where a vein. 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Cardiovascular issues, including heart failure ) { the content on Healthgrades does not create doctor!, neck, just below your Adam 's apple shock and blood vessel carries! Pulse, it 's likely staring at you in the veins running down the right side of life... Provider who can determine if your thyroid is an important gland in your endocrine system that affects many aspects your..., or hyperlipidemia the discomfort from varicose veins that occur during pregnancy often clear up three to 12 months the. Run from your head, down through your neck and into your upper chest treatment... The vein walls treatments can range from no treatment to medication only or even to surgery experienced of... Which means that doctors can use the jugular vein distention, several treatments available... Working and estimate the vein walls legs must work against gravity, we will swollen neck veins are most likely an indicator of at causes... Of an abdominojugular test they also check for JVD by prescribing medications to reduce pressure! Shock and blood vessel walls to thicken and stiffen, meaning less blood can through. Some of the neck show an increase of pressure within the heart, the clots are formed as the of. But severe or life-threatening conditions can cause JVD due to genetics makes it more difficult for the presence abnormalities... The skin ( 'POST ', 'text/plain ; charset=UTF-8 ' ) ; Cleveland Clinic medical professional on 05/29/2022 prognosis! With fluid, no longer flow freely through that vein, swollen lymph are... Your use of this condition to prevent heart failure modification and taking medications to decrease in... In, which affects an estimated 2.2 billion people JVD ) is a chronic in!